How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a well-recognized byproduct of in vitro transcription that poses significant challenges for the use of synthetic mRNA in research and therapeutic applications. Even ...

The diagram illustrates the key stages of protein synthesis in a eukaryotic cell. It begins with transcription to produce pre-mRNA in the nucleus (1), followed by post-transcriptional modification (2) ...

Researchers synthesize recombinant proteins in cell-free extracts to verify the identity of cloned genes, to study protein-protein, protein-nucleic acid, and protein-drug interactions, and to carry ...

Cells are, at a fundamental level, protein-production facilities. So naturally, when researchers need to make some particular protein, they should let the cells do the work for them. But living cells ...

What is it that makes a good story, one that catches your attention and refuses to let go? Does it include a peculiar mystery? A well-motivated conflict which craves resolution? A catchy hook? A ...

In a recent study published in Nature, a group of researchers explored how the incorporation of N1-methylpseudouridine (1-methylΨ) into messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) affects ribosomal ...

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, mRNA vaccines have gained attention as a next-generation pharmaceutical technology. mRNA therapeutics work by delivering genetic instructions that enable cells to produce ...

Lipid nanoparticles, or LNPs, are best known as the delivery vehicle for the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines received by billions of ...